Show HN: Copperhead – Cursor for circuit boards (copperhead.sh)
seveibar 6 hours ago
kanwisher an hour ago
Goal is to make it easy for users to remix circuits, like say you want to make a mod for a retro video game system, you can fork off of an existing mod and just change it, and we guide you through getting it printed at pcbway or jlcpcb.
mikeayles 20 hours ago
Flux.ai being the incumbent Silixon based out of the UK have been showing demos Quilter and DeepPCB for layout The recent OpenAI demo...
I went the other way and pre-designed sub circuits with a set of rules that allows simple merge assembly, unfortunately I didn't have the time or budget to continue with it, but I took the constrained approach as with hardware, things can't be 99%.
The one thing I will say, is that my experience of hardware engineers is very gatekeepy.
Any questions about the use of AI for any form of automation on forums/Reddit get shot down instantly and the OP's told 'skill issue' more or less. In my opinion, just as with software, most work is simple and should be automated, there will always be a need for the real engineering when it comes to high specification work, high volume optimisation and hardware debug (although Claude code is pretty handy at driving a Jlink)
Aurornis 19 hours ago
Stay away from Reddit and forums if you want to see where the open minded people are looking. There are a lot of communities where EEs are experimenting with newer technologies and sharing their results, with realistic appraisals of what can be done.
You also need to understand the history of autorouting technology for PCBs. Autorouters with auto layout have been around in many forms for years. Their output never compares to a skilled EE doing it manually. The gap between autorouter output and skilled operator output is even bigger than the gap between a good developer and average AI codegen slop.
I’m interested in this space, but even the Fable/Astra or dedicated tools like Quilter, Flux, and others have a very, very long way to go for boards more complex than simple hobby boards.
I do think this is going to be good for hobby people doing simple PCBs though
Joel_Mckay 18 hours ago
monocasa 18 hours ago
Joel_Mckay 18 hours ago
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travelling_salesman_problem
While physics informed models do exist, they are still going to burn a lot of compute to generate failure modes people didn't know were possible. =3
monocasa 16 hours ago
If anything, it's closer to the bin packing problem. The cost function isn't expressed in terms of lowest cost between nodes, but instead fitting all of the traces with the lowest board layer count while still meeting stuff like EMI crosstalk guidelines. Then there'll be some traces that are very constrained (think DRAM or SERDES links) that have to be length matched, but those are pretty much invariably point to point links that already are heavily automated.
Traces being, say 20% longer than they need to be for an optimal solution doesn't really change the performance of the board in the vast majority of cases since they'll be some of the lowest resistance components of the netlist anyway, as well as the fact that the PCB is normally oversized for the number of traces needed as it fulfills structural/mechanical needs as well as the netlist needs.
And on top of that, because the optimal solution probably is NP-hard, once again, the industry doesn't look for optimal, only good enough. If layout techs in Altium were regularly solving NP-hard problems, computer science would be a different place. The only goal I see is to meet that bar without hiring layout techs.
Joel_Mckay 16 hours ago
Impedance matching requires you know what you are doing, and Altium will only take you so far. For the price, Altium/Protel has always been a poor deal for what you get software wise.
Even free Qspice (a more modern Analog Devices LTSpice) is a far better option:
https://www.qorvo.com/design-hub/calculators-simulation/qspi...
>the industry doesn't look for optimal, only good enough
Indeed, that is why your iPhone still weighs 3.7 kg. =3
monocasa 16 hours ago
Pretty much every high end board is designed under Altium. QSpice is a different tool for a different purpose.
And like I said, those few cases were the length actually matters tend to be heavily assisted with automation as it is.
> Indeed, that is why your iPhone still weighs 3.7 kg. =3
I guarantee you that an iPhone board isn't an optimal solution, simply good enough.
Joel_Mckay 15 hours ago
DFM almost certainly guarantees an iPhone is both form, and cost optimized. Jobs was very clear early on in the product development that the EE work had to be miniaturized due to the energy density possible setting volumetric minimums on the battery technology at that time.
> simply good enough.
A common philosophy for people that make cost optimized low-end products. Some people love their 3.7kg phone, as it comes with a stylish shoulder strap. =3
monocasa 15 hours ago
Optimal means there aren't any optimizations possible remaining.
Are you seriously going to suggest that there aren't any potential optimizations left in the iPhone's mainboard?
Joel_Mckay 14 hours ago
officialchicken 18 hours ago
Joel_Mckay 17 hours ago
I often recommend folks get a mini thermal camera for their phone... as inspecting for issues in electrical, hydraulic, or mechanical systems gets a fair bit easier/safer. =3
Aurornis 17 hours ago
Joel_Mckay 17 hours ago
It is a named problem, and can't be misappropriated like the $9Tn worth of FOSS code "AI" scraped and compacted for isomorphic plagiarism tokens. =3
monocasa 16 hours ago
Joel_Mckay 16 hours ago
Auto-routers have been around far longer than even smartphones. Somewhat functional in the trivial problem domains, and always useless where design choices mattered.
Best of luck solving a named problem. =3
monocasa 15 hours ago
If that could solve NP-hard problems, computer science would be a very different field.
KingMachiavelli 15 hours ago
Joel_Mckay 13 hours ago
adrianvi 13 hours ago
The LLM would learn the heiristics (example: data lines first, power lines later, etc.) and would request the autorouter to do that routing, then take the image output and request a different part (depth-first). If later no routing is posible with that configuration, after some retries it could try another way.
It wouldn't solve complex boards, and engineers are always needed for short comings (and even if not, for research), but I wouldn't say this is something different than poetry, music or pixel art, LLMs can imitate although most of the times in a uncanny way.
CamperBob2 7 hours ago
murderfs 6 hours ago
This is laughable when you consider that semiconductor design is the least "trivial" problem domain, and it happens entirely in RTL. There's basically zero human intervention when it comes to layout: even floorplanning is being automated nowadays.
unrented7977 14 hours ago
We can find local optima, but there's no real way to prove a given design is the best of all possible designs. We can only find designs which work and meet the given criteria.
One can prove that a design is correct, but it requires the same class of compute as an LLM to properly simulate. Circuit boards are hellishly complicated once you start simulating EM and RF responses.
As for how a good engineer does this, it's the same way pilots can fly helicopters: intuition. It's a skill built up from lots of reading the rules and theory, and lots of practice. One gets a feel for how the various fields and energies are moving.
Which, when you think about it, is just about how neural nets learn, isn't that neat?
I think the real answer here is that machine learning is absolutely capable of producing satisfactorily correct circuit boards. In principle. But I think the problem space is far too large for today's ML techniques and verification/iteration is just way too expensive. Maybe in another few years, I just don't think we have enough compute for it yet.
bluGill 16 hours ago
stonogo 18 hours ago
Where are these communities?
HeyLaughingBoy 17 hours ago
As for Reddit, there's a lot of "bury head in sand and problem will go away" behavior when it comes to AI. People are understandably worried about their jobs, but they're certainly not doing themselves any favors by downplaying AI or looking for "tech niches where AI isn't yet."
Copperhead is very interesting. I do some embedded systems consulting on the side, but I've never enjoyed PCB layout very much. I briefly investigated using AI for it the last time I had to do a board, but it wasn't very helpful.
mlaux 5 hours ago
danielmorozoff 20 hours ago
animeshchouhan 20 hours ago
danielmorozoff 13 hours ago
leobuskin 13 hours ago
TechSquidTV 20 hours ago
ajnin 19 hours ago
animeshchouhan 19 hours ago
ecesena 13 hours ago
I manufactured both PCBs via PCBWay (Claude also red all the specs and configured the constraints accordingly) and both work. I'm pretty impressed, especially because I've never done a PCB myself and didn't know I could.
What I was doing manually, co-working with Claude, was placing and routing (I was doing those via Kicad, then saving, then Claude was re-importing my work in his py files).
edg5000 6 hours ago
dhon_ 8 hours ago
https://github.com/deadbringer17/Copperbrain
They have similar names, seem to solve similar problems and both have first commit within a few days in July. One is Python and the other Typescript though and they don't seem to be forks.
rrr_oh_man 3 hours ago
webprofusion 5 hours ago
edg5000 6 hours ago
jimberlage 19 hours ago
mrnotcrazy 9 hours ago
aitchnyu 18 hours ago
tylergetsay 19 hours ago
animeshchouhan 19 hours ago
seidleroni 19 hours ago
The board houses may have questions for you that may be difficult for you to answer, but theoretically you could answer those with AI and get fully assembled boards delivered right to your doorstep.
animeshchouhan 19 hours ago
we're also building a design house around it to close the loop with fabs, handle DFM questions and eventually let you hit "order" and receive fully assembled boards!
4b11b4 17 hours ago
dghlsakjg 14 hours ago
Look at jlcpcb or other Chinese assembly houses. If you stay within their component library it is dead easy, just upload your gerber and BOM, and you can have assembled boards within a week or so. Slightly more difficult if they have to order parts for your BOM, but still not really that hard.
ac29 8 hours ago
Its maybe more hands on than you want it to be, but you mostly just need to supervise the work. But yes, the CAD outputs go directly to the JLCPCB ordering form, or whereever you fab
motoboi 19 hours ago
I've imagined a chip running as slow as python.
FacelessJim 19 hours ago
Joel_Mckay 18 hours ago
animeshchouhan 18 hours ago
tortasaur 13 hours ago
theandrewbailey 13 hours ago
frangonf 8 hours ago
anirudhojhaanil 19 hours ago
Joel_Mckay 17 hours ago
It is a good idea to consult with a contract manufacturer engineering team early, and stop wasting peoples time including their own.
I have also seen people re-brand China pad-printed generic products, and claim they needed investor help buying a shipping container full of cheap stuff or outright e-waste. Careful, especially if you see multiple versions or the same product pop up at the same time. Best of luck =3
utopiah 14 hours ago
In the end is the PCB design the bottleneck to create new devices or is it mostly about available components and their price?
fwip 19 hours ago
"Nothing commits without its gate."
animeshchouhan 18 hours ago
hilariously 17 hours ago
animeshchouhan 16 hours ago
avsteele 17 hours ago
I tested over the weekend and Astra can
- create and modify schematics from instructions - place components and route traces
out of the box, just via normal 'computer use'. I'm not satisfied with the routing but it isn't terrible.
krttherealest 18 hours ago
mattanimation 19 hours ago
animeshchouhan 18 hours ago
extralongdivisi 13 hours ago
Software moves so fast that its actually an anti feature. Libraries and SDKs measure lifetime support in years, but industrial hardware support *at minimum* is a decade. A lot of these new startups dont understand that established industry wont use them unless they known this shiny new system wont ve abandoned in a few years.
On the other hand, softwate devs trying to quickly make a product have something to get them going.
nullbio 17 hours ago
Yes yes, I know, leagues apart. Still though... One can dream.
Tiberium 19 hours ago
tadasv 20 hours ago
guhidalg 20 hours ago
animeshchouhan 20 hours ago
toss1 19 hours ago
animeshchouhan 18 hours ago
TechSquidTV 19 hours ago
animeshchouhan 18 hours ago
animeshchouhan 20 hours ago
j16sdiz 19 hours ago
Do it have extra feature? Speed? Ease of use?
animeshchouhan 18 hours ago
electric_mayhem 19 hours ago
mitxela 19 hours ago
animeshchouhan 18 hours ago
dghlsakjg 13 hours ago
m132 13 hours ago
tomhow 10 hours ago
m132 8 hours ago
I understand—these days, there are more reasons to vibe a landing page than not. To many, however, this page is going to be their first encounter with the project. While it sure is shallow to judge a book solely by its cover, in this case, the cover just blatantly screams "we haven't even tried"... Can you really blame people for not looking beyond it if even its own creator gave it a similar amount of attention? Especially in 2026, when everything preys on your attention and generating plausibly-looking low-effort projects has never been easier?
tomhow an hour ago